Historical Background
Nanjing Library, affectionately known as 'Nan Tu' by locals, is one of China's most prestigious public libraries with roots stretching back to 1907. Originally established as the Jiangnan Library during the late Qing Dynasty under the initiative of scholar-official Miao Quansun, it was among the first modern public libraries in China. In 1952, following the founding of the People's Republic of China, the library underwent a significant merger: the former National Central Library (founded in 1933) and the Guoxue (National Studies) Library were combined to form the current Nanjing Library. This consolidation not only expanded its collection but also cemented its role as a national center for academic research and cultural preservation.
Architectural and Cultural Significance
The present-day main building of Nanjing Library, located on Zhongshan East Road near Daxinggong—a historic and political hub of Nanjing—was inaugurated in 2006 after years of planning and construction. Designed with a harmonious blend of traditional Chinese aesthetics and contemporary functionality, the structure features sweeping rooflines reminiscent of classical Chinese palaces, expansive glass façades that invite natural light, and interior spaces optimized for quiet study and digital access. The library spans over 125,000 square meters, making it one of the largest single-building public libraries in Asia. Its design has drawn praise from architects and visitors alike for creating a serene yet intellectually stimulating environment.
Collections and Academic Resources
As of 2004, Nanjing Library housed more than 8 million volumes, placing it third in China—after the National Library of China in Beijing and the Shanghai Library—and fourth in Asia by collection size. Its holdings include rare ancient texts, Ming and Qing dynasty manuscripts, local gazetteers (difangzhi), Buddhist sutras, and an extensive collection of Republican-era publications (1912–1949). Particularly notable is its “Jiangnan Rare Books Collection,” which preserves over 10,000 pre-1911 imprints, many of which are designated national treasures. The library also maintains robust digital archives, offering international researchers remote access to digitized historical documents through its online portal.
Visitor Experience and Facilities
While primarily a working research and public lending library, Nanjing Library welcomes tourists and curious travelers seeking a peaceful retreat or a glimpse into China’s scholarly traditions. Visitors can explore public reading rooms, exhibition halls showcasing rotating displays of rare books and calligraphy, and multimedia zones featuring interactive exhibits on Chinese literary history. Free Wi-Fi, clean restrooms, accessible elevators, and a café serving light refreshments enhance the visitor experience. Although borrowing privileges require a Chinese residence permit, tourists may enter without reservation during open hours and enjoy the ambiance, architecture, and temporary exhibitions.
Why Visit?
For foreign tourists, Nanjing Library offers a unique alternative to typical sightseeing. It provides insight into China’s deep reverence for knowledge, literature, and historical continuity. Unlike crowded temples or bustling commercial streets, the library exudes calm—a place where students pore over exams, scholars trace lineage in century-old maps, and travelers find unexpected moments of reflection. Its central location makes it an ideal midday stop when touring nearby attractions like the Presidential Palace or Confucius Temple. Moreover, the library frequently hosts bilingual cultural events, including calligraphy workshops, poetry readings, and lectures on Sino-Western intellectual exchange, many of which are open to the public.
Practical Information for International Travelers
Located in Xuanwu District, the library is easily reachable via Metro Line 2 (Daxinggong Station, Exit 3). While signage is primarily in Chinese, staff at the information desk often speak basic English and can assist with directions. Photography is permitted in public areas (no flash in reading rooms), and luggage storage is available near the entrance. Note that silence is strictly observed in reading zones—a cultural norm that enhances the library’s tranquil atmosphere. With a 4.7-star rating on major Chinese travel platforms like Mafengwo and Ctrip, visitors consistently praise its cleanliness, architectural beauty, and the rare opportunity to witness authentic Chinese academic life up close.