Historical Background
Perched on the southeastern coast of Fujian Province, Chongwu Ancient City Scenic Area stands as a testament to China’s maritime defense history. Built in 1387 during the Ming Dynasty under the orders of General Zhou Dexing—also known as the Marquis of Jiangxia—the fortress was originally constructed to repel Japanese pirates (wokou) who plagued China’s southeastern shores. Though much of the original military complex has vanished over time, a well-preserved section of the ancient stone wall remains, offering visitors a rare glimpse into Ming-era coastal fortification architecture.
Architectural Identity: The Stone City
Unlike many traditional Chinese towns built with red bricks or wood, Chongwu is famously known as the “Stone City” due to its unique construction using massive, precisely cut granite blocks. These stones were quarried locally and assembled without mortar, showcasing the engineering ingenuity of the era. Within the city walls, entire villages still exist where residents—many of them descendants of the original Ming garrison soldiers—live in centuries-old stone houses. This living heritage adds authenticity to the site, making it more than just a historical relic but a functioning community rooted in history.
Key Attractions
Chongwu Ancient City offers three primary highlights that define the visitor experience: the ancient city wall, the world-renowned Huian stone carvings, and the dramatic coastal landscape.
The restored city wall stretches along the coastline and can be walked in sections. Climbing to the elevated watchtower or lighthouse provides panoramic views of the Taiwan Strait, the curved silhouette of the fortress, and even the distant back view of a serene Mazu statue—honoring the beloved sea goddess revered by coastal communities across East Asia.
Scattered throughout the scenic area are hundreds of stone sculptures crafted by local artisans from nearby Huian County, globally celebrated for their mastery in stone carving. While some carvings depict classical Chinese literary figures—from Water Margin warriors to Journey to the West characters—and whimsical animals like black and white cats, others serve as decorative or commemorative pieces. Though not historically tied to the fortress itself, these sculptures enhance the visual appeal and offer excellent photo opportunities.
The natural beauty of the coastline is arguably the most captivating element. Rocky reefs, tidal pools teeming with marine life, and soft sandy beaches create a dynamic seascape. During low tide, visitors can explore tide pools and even catch tiny crabs or shrimp—a favorite activity for families. A small central beach invites relaxation, while seaside barbecue stalls serve fresh seafood grilled to order.
Cultural Souvenirs and Local Crafts
Don’t miss the chance to purchase yingdiao (shadow carving), a delicate form of stone engraving unique to Huian. Available in both hand-carved (premium) and machine-made (affordable) versions, these intricate artworks make meaningful souvenirs. Vendors line the streets near the entrance, and bargaining is common practice.
Dining and Local Specialties
Chongwu is a food-friendly destination with numerous eateries ranging from casual seafood stalls to established restaurants. The must-try local delicacy is yujuan (fish rolls)—a savory, spring-roll-like snack made from minced fish paste, wrapped in bean curd skin, and deep-fried until golden. Two highly recommended shops are Ruifang Fish Rolls (Huian Direct Store) and Manling Fish Rolls, both praised by domestic travelers on platforms like Mafengwo and Ctrip for freshness and authentic flavor.
Accommodation Options
Overnight stays are convenient thanks to several well-rated hotels nearby. Huian Chongwu Grand Hotel and Huian Strait Hotel are ideal for those prioritizing proximity to the scenic area and transport hubs. For beach lovers, Huian Chongwu Xisha Bay Holiday Hotel sits right on the sand, offering ocean views and easy access to sunrise walks.
Visitor Experience and Practical Notes
While the inner residential zones within the city walls are free to explore, access to the coastal wall section—including the main viewpoints and sculpture gardens—requires an admission ticket. The area is moderately commercialized but retains enough historical charm and natural beauty to justify a visit, especially for travelers seeking off-the-beaten-path cultural experiences beyond China’s major tourist circuits.